The Migration and the Jihad

The Official Website of Grand Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi

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Forbearance in hardshipsPrecedence in Belief

Hijrat means the distancing from disbelief, polytheism, injustice and sin. Some times the true believers have only this recourse for the solution of their hardships. They rebuild their lives after going far away and create a new society. They gather strength to muster against the agents of evil and injustice.

The Muslims did this twice. The first time a group of Muslims migrated from Makkah to Ethiopia and the second time from Makkah to Medina with is one of the highlights of the history of Islam.

It surely is very hard to leave behind one’s house, work, dear ones, and friends and then preparing for jihad against the evil mischief makers is a greater hardship. This is why the Qura’n foretells those who migrated about their abodes in Paradise. Verses 20 to 23 of Surah Tauba say:

“Those who believed migrated and strove in God’s way with their possessions and lives are ranked highest near God and only they shall achieve salvation. Their Lord gives them glad tidings of mercy from Him and there are the gardens with ever lasting bounties for them, abiding in them forever are a great reward from God.” (1)

This verse speaks about those who believe, have migrated and gone to Jihad. Each feature is the cause of the other feature or their belief became the cause of their migration and their migration was the harbinger of Jihad. Three rewards have been named for them, the beneficence of God, His acceptance and the fruitful gardens of Paradise. There is one reward for every hardship. Belief became the cause of the forgiveness of their sins, Hijrat was the cause of God’s pleasure and acceptance and the jihad with wealth and lives got the gardens of Paradise full of bounties.

There is an incident famous among the commentators that Sheba and Abbas were both trying to outdo each other. One said, “I am the key holder of Kaaba and keeper of the great Mosque.”

The second said, “The great work of supplying water to the pilgrims of Hajj is mine.”

Hazrat Ali said:

“I am proud that I believed, migrated and went to Jihad.(2)

It was then that the above verse was revealed and proved Hazrat Ali’s superiority over all others.

The commentators have recorded many statements regarding this about how Qura’n has raised the status of the migrants who went to Jihad above others when the people who are not believers have no status. But a simple and short answer is that it often happens that the other side has no positive features like verse 221 of Surah Baqarah that says:

“A believing salve is better than an idolater.”

Such des c r i p tions have been used extensively in Qura’n, hadiths and our daily lives. Secondly, supplying water to the Hajjis and gathering people in the Kaaba is a laudable deed whoever does it but if this work is done by disbelieving pagans then it comes to naught.

 


 

1. The same meaning is there in verse 100 of Surah Tauba.
2. Abul Qasim Haskani has mentioned this on page 244 of his book Shawahidat Tanzeel as a précis from the books of the Ahle Sunnah (For further details see Ahqaqol Haqq vol3 pages 122 to 127.)

 

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