Issue No. 1324- If a person makes an intention before the fajr adhān to observe a fast and then goes unconscious or gets intoxicated and comes to his senses during the day while he has not done any of the invalidators of the fast, he should, as an obligatory precaution, complete the fast of that day and should also perform its qaḍā.
Issue No. 1326- If a child becomes mature before the fajr adhān in the month of Ramadan, he/she should fast and if it happens after the fajr adhān and has not done any of the invalidators of the fast, he/she should, on the basis of obligatory precaution, observe fast and also perform it as qaḍā later.
Issue No. 1327- If a person has a qaḍā fast from the Holy month of Ramadan or another obligatory fast due on him to perform, it is not permissible for him to perform a recommended fast. In case he performs a recommended fast out of forgetfulness and remembers before ẓuhr, he can switch his intention to the obligatory fast. If however, one notices this after ẓuhr, his fast is void.
Issue No. 1328- A person who has been hired to complete the fasts of a dead person may observe recommended fast for himself.
Issue No. 1330- If a person has an unspecified obligatory fast [1] upon him to perform (e.g., the qaḍā fast of the Holy month of Ramadan or a fast for atonement), the time to make the intention for it is until ẓuhr, meaning, if he has not committed any fast invalidators and makes the intention before ẓuhr, his fast is correct.
Issue No. 1331- If a non-Muslim embraces Islam in the month of Ramadan before ẓuhr, he should fast as an obligatory precaution, provided he has not performed any act which invalidates the fast and there is no need to perform qaḍā of the fast. Similarly, if a patient recovers from his illness before ẓuhr in the month of Ramadan and has not done any act which invalidates the fast, he should make the intention to observe fast and he should also, as an obligatory precaution, perform the qaḍā of the fast. But if he recovers after ẓuhr, it is not obligatory for him to observe fast on that day; he should then perform it as qaḍā alone.
Issue No. 1332- If there is a doubt about the last day of Sha’ban or the first day of the month of Ramadan, the fast of that day is not obligatory. If however, somebody wants to observe fast on that day, he should observe the fast with the intention of the last day of Sha’ban, or if he has qaḍā fasts due to be performed, he should make the intention of qaḍā. If it transpires later that it has been the holy month of Ramadan, it will be considered as the fast of the month of Ramadan. If however, he realizes during the day that it is the first day of Ramadan, he should immediately switch his intention to the fast of the month of Ramadan.
Issue No. 1333- If somebody is reluctant in his intention to break or not to break a specified obligatory fast or the fast of the month of Ramadan, or decides to cancel his intention of observing a fast, his fast becomes invalid. If he also intends to perform an act which invalidates the fast, for example, he decides to eat something, his fast becomes invalid even if he does not eat anything at all. However, if he has not paid attention at that time that (for example) the said act invalidates the fast, his fast remains valid.
Issue No. 1334- If while observing an obligatory fast the time of which is not fixed (e.g., a qaḍā fast), a person intends to break the fast or wavers whether or not he should do so, and if he does not break it and makes a fresh intention before ẓuhr, his fast will be in order. As regards recommended fasts he may make the fresh intention until maghrib.
Issue No. 1336- If a person eats or drinks something intentionally, his fast becomes void, and it is immaterial whether the things which he eats or drinks are usually eaten or drunk (e.g., bread and water) or not (for example, leaves of a tree) or whether it is more or less; even if a person, who is fasting, takes the tooth-brush out of his mouth and then puts it back into his mouth, swallowing its liquid, his fast will be void, unless the moisture in the tooth-brush is little and vanishes in the saliva.
Issue No. 1338- Eating and drinking inadvertently or forgetfully does not make fast invalid.
Issue No. 1339- All sorts of injections and vaccines whether medicinal or nutrient would not invalidate fast if they are injected in muscle, as is the case with intramuscular vaccines. But intravenous injection will make the fast void whether by serum or needle. In addition, blood transfusion will invalidate fast; one should refrain from invalidators till the end of the day, and as an obligatory precaution, make up for the fast of that day as well.
